
Mark Brend has indicated that the influence of Fariña's dulcimer playing can be clearly heard in Jones's recurring counter-melody to a call and response with Jagger's vocals.

The master recording of "Lady Jane" was recorded from 6 to 9 March 1966, at RCA Studios in Los Angeles, with sound engineer Dave Hassinger guiding the band through the process (despite Andrew Loog Oldham being credited as producer).

This later contributed to Jones' status as a pioneer in world music, and effectively shifted the band from blues rock to a versatile pop group. The influence of these recordings would manifest itself in Aftermath, where Jones performed with the dulcimer on two tracks, "I Am Waiting" and, more distinctively, "Lady Jane". The dulcimer was brought to his attention in March 1966 when Jones began listening to recordings of Richard Fariña. In the press Jones talked about applying the Appalachian dulcimer into compositions, although he seemed uncertain of the instrument, saying "It's an old English instrument used at the beginning of the century". He expressed an intrigue in incorporating culturally diverse instruments into the band's music, investigating the sitar, koto, marimba, and testing electronics. Its most influential development was by Jones, no longer the principal musical force for the band, searching for methods to improve upon their musical textures. According to Jagger, "the names are historical, but it was really unconscious that they should fit together from the same period." At the time, it was widely thought that an inspiration for the song was Jane Ormsby-Gore, daughter of David Ormsby-Gore, former British ambassador in Washington, who later married Michael Rainey, founder of the Hung on You boutique in Chelsea that was frequented by the Stones. "Lady Jane" was written and composed by Jagger in early 1966 after reading the then controversial 1928 book Lady Chatterley's Lover, which uses the term "Lady Jane" to mean female genitalia. Harrington has noted that the Beatles' harpsichord-like sound on the song " In My Life", in 1965, opened considerations for Jones to include baroque rock instrumentals. It was also during this period Brian Jones, despite losing control of the band's output, was integrating different instruments into the group's repertoire.

On Aftermath, however, the two were credited together on every track, making it the first album to be composed solely of original band material. On the band's previous album, Out of Our Heads, the duo shared writing credits on just three tracks. While the audio is from a Lollapalooza concert on Jat the Irvine Meadows Amphitheater in Irvine, CA and features Eric Avery on bass, video footage is from their Octoconcert at Hammerstein Ballroom in New York, NY featuring Flea on bass.The song was written at a milestone in the Rolling Stones' recording career that saw Jagger and Richards emerge as the group's chief songwriters. In 1997, a music video was created for the live version of Jane Says that appears on the Kettle Whistle album.

She just don’t know… (don’t know, don’t know) It is about their friend and former roommate Jane Bainter and her struggles with drugs, life and love. Jane Says is a song by Jane’s Addiction, written by Perry Farrell and Eric Avery in late 1985 or early 1986.
